List of Articles
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Open Access Article
1 - Opposition Groups and the Competency of International Organizations; The Case Study of Arab League and Organization for Islamic Cooperation’s action vis-a-vis Opposition to Libyan and Syrian Governments
Amir Hossein ranjbarian شهزاد رییسیWith the upsurge of conflicts between governments and oppositions and these conflicts escalating and reaching the border of non-international armed conflicts, we are witnessing the reaction of other governments and international organizations to what is happening in the MoreWith the upsurge of conflicts between governments and oppositions and these conflicts escalating and reaching the border of non-international armed conflicts, we are witnessing the reaction of other governments and international organizations to what is happening in these situations. Reactions that sometimes have lead to dominance of one party over another and sometimes have only flared up the flames of conflicts. However, what is important in addition to (above all of) these kinds of stances and the results of such stances, is the competence of these international organizations for their performance, which until recently could be considered as interference in one of the most sensitive and important internal affairs of governments- who are the most important members of the international community. In this paper, by studying on the competence of international organizations and case studying of two important international organizations which are the Arab League and Organization of Islamic Cooperation, during recent years’ conflicts in Libya and Syria, we will try to resolve as much ambiguities as possible in this regard. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
2 - The Legitimacy of State’s Evaluation in Implementation of United Nations Security Council
Malihe Behfar Hassan SavariIn UNs history, the Legality of Security Council Resolutions, in many cases, is challenged. Generally these challenges take by states that affected Security Councils decisions. With notice that states are the representative for implementation of SCR's, they intervene th MoreIn UNs history, the Legality of Security Council Resolutions, in many cases, is challenged. Generally these challenges take by states that affected Security Councils decisions. With notice that states are the representative for implementation of SCR's, they intervene their determination and interpretation in the way that implement SC decisions. In some cases domestic and regional courts evaluate the state's action in implementation SCRs. Although these cases couldn’t provide direct review on Resolutions but affected in the way of implementation. Evaluation by states is probable and arises some concerns about decrease effectiveness of SC in maintenance of international peace and security. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
3 - Analyzing the Impact of United Nations Human Rights Council’s Special Procedures on Increasing Respect for Human Rights
Mehdi Zakeriyan بهروز مختاریOne of the activities of the Human Rights Council has spread by its establishment in 2006, is the use of human rights experts to investigate, analyze and monitor the human rights situation in states. Special procedures, name of mechanisms that former Commission on Hum MoreOne of the activities of the Human Rights Council has spread by its establishment in 2006, is the use of human rights experts to investigate, analyze and monitor the human rights situation in states. Special procedures, name of mechanisms that former Commission on Human Rights, it has developed and council afford them to the human rights situation in specific countries or territories (Country Mission) or important phenomena of human rights violations worldwide (Mission thematic) monitor. The main argument is that Human Rights Council to take significant steps in the mechanism of "special procedures" in the order of codified human rights, benefit precious experiences in human rights monitoring. With the removal of defects former Commission on Human Rights and also, Updated institutions and its mechanisms, many experts praised the mechanism of special procedures and this tool have been introduced as universal standard and non-infringement and the importance of its efforts; in this present article, we explain the achievements of this mechanism, the Human Rights Council in establishing reporting post will be discussed. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
4 - Primacy in Relation Between the International Court of Justice and UN Security Council
همایون مافی وحید بذّارUndoubtedly, United Nations is the most effective international organization that has played the most important role in relations between states and thus has acquired considerable prestige among the main subjects of international law (States). Security Council as the po MoreUndoubtedly, United Nations is the most effective international organization that has played the most important role in relations between states and thus has acquired considerable prestige among the main subjects of international law (States). Security Council as the political body and International Court of Justice as the judicial body of the organization, have had an important role in achieving this prestige. However, the relationship between the two organs has been always discussed in various fields because of the silence of the UN Charter. By considering of subjects such the possibility of simultaneously raising an issue in the Court and Security Council, the possibility of handling of political issues in the Court and handling of legal issues in Security Council, the possibility of creation of jurisdiction for the Court by Security Council, and the possibility of judicial supervision of the Court on the Council, this article endeavored to response to the main challenge which are there precedence interrelation those? Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
5 - A New Structure for UN Security Council; The Need of Hegemony of Power
Siamak Soltani Saleh Rezaie PishrobatWisdom of League of Nations has failed because of inability to set a leadership for world order and award appropriate monetary to that day’s powers and bring again the disaster of war. These shortcomings with wisdom resolved with implementation of Veto in the UN system, MoreWisdom of League of Nations has failed because of inability to set a leadership for world order and award appropriate monetary to that day’s powers and bring again the disaster of war. These shortcomings with wisdom resolved with implementation of Veto in the UN system, and the World found a new approach. But over time, the emergence of new powers followed by weakness of old ones and reaching most countries to the maturity of the collective life, resolves the global need for a leadership and the international community which still retains its old structure, dropped in another type of silliness which necessarily do not resolved by discussion. It is necessary to avoid another disastrous war, contribute all the international powers to the bureau of the international community in the Security Council and gave all of them clear shared responsibility to run the game of the world. (Such shared responsibilities may be Spiritual indices come every state and over the number of votes and the votes of every state in the decision making processes). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
6 - A New Structure for UN Security Council; The Need of Hegemony of Power
Wisdom of League of Nations has failed because of inability to set a leadership for world order and award appropriate monetary to that day’s powers and bring again the disaster of war. These shortcomings with wisdom resolved with implementation of Veto in the UN system, MoreWisdom of League of Nations has failed because of inability to set a leadership for world order and award appropriate monetary to that day’s powers and bring again the disaster of war. These shortcomings with wisdom resolved with implementation of Veto in the UN system, and the World found a new approach. But over time, the emergence of new powers followed by weakness of old ones and reaching most countries to the maturity of the collective life, resolves the global need for a leadership and the international community which still retains its old structure, dropped in another type of silliness which necessarily do not resolved by discussion. It is necessary to avoid another disastrous war, contribute all the international powers to the bureau of the international community in the Security Council and gave all of them clear shared responsibility to run the game of the world. (Such shared responsibilities may be Spiritual indices come every state and over the number of votes and the votes of every state in the decision making processes). Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
7 - Challenges of the International Criminal Court to End Impunity; The Case of Daesh
Sadegh Salimi Ebrahim Molaei JamFollowing the centuries-old efforts of the international community, strongly influenced by the events of the twentieth century in violation of fundamental human rights, in 1998, during a meeting in Rome to punish violators of international criminal law principle of non- MoreFollowing the centuries-old efforts of the international community, strongly influenced by the events of the twentieth century in violation of fundamental human rights, in 1998, during a meeting in Rome to punish violators of international criminal law principle of non-impunity International Criminal Court was formed. The failure of the International Criminal Court for crimes of Daesh, despite the international community's principle and the goal of a peaceful coexistence, has been seriously challenged. Experts have raised that barriers to prosecute and punish perpetrators of international crimes, in accordance with the Statute of the International Criminal Court, are often classified in two groups of theoretical obstacles and obstacles caused by defects in the Articles of Association. But the international community in the twentieth century, century of international organizations, faced with significant improvements in the formulation of social relations through the adoption of numerous conventions in order to achieve criminal justice. The Convention against Corruption (Merida 2003) is in this category. But after developing the system of social relations guarantor of international institutions is still in the development stages. The results showed that another obstacle is eradicating impunity as special is political corruption in terms of deviant behavior by officials and their official duties. However, immunity from prosecution and punishment of leaders and members of Daesh, is attributed to the structural weakness of International Criminal Court. The fragility of the restoration of the structure before finally getting it to the League of Nations appears necessary. Manuscript profile -
Open Access Article
8 - Rules Governing Use of Water Resources During Armed Conflicts
Ebrahim Rahmani Seyed Davood Aghaee Siyamak MoazeniHuman’s impacts on his perimeter environment are reached to a level that has gotten global essence and importance. The human beings existence and his health are depending on safe and pure environment. Fundamental mission of United Nation's Organization is to save futu MoreHuman’s impacts on his perimeter environment are reached to a level that has gotten global essence and importance. The human beings existence and his health are depending on safe and pure environment. Fundamental mission of United Nation's Organization is to save future generations from scourge of war and UNESCO main goal is to assist in order to save peace and security through expansion of cooperation between nations by taking assistance from culture, science and education. During recent century, numerous international and non-international conflicts is targeting the most vital external element of mankind survival by many aggressions and made man engagment to itself. From the beginning of human civilization, water management is the main challenge of mankind and water as the first source of life, has limited human and economical communities. In 21 Century, managing and saving water sources (rivers, installations and subterranean waters) need common ambition in hostility time. Therefore in July 2010, General Assembly added a new right to human rights covenant called “public right of accessibility to clean water” and it announced decade of 2005 to 2015 as water decade with the motto of “Water, Third Millennium Treasure”. The aim of the article is to review the subject that human rights are consist of principles and rules that are observing on the method of supporting and saving water in all of its forms like rivers, water installations and underground sources and how military forces face to this resuscitative material. Manuscript profile